Clinical Manifestations
Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) is the primary symptom of esophageal motor disorders. Its perception by the patient is a bal¬ance between the severity of the underlying abnormality causing the dysphagia, and the adjustment made by the patient in altering eating habits. Consequently, any complaint of dysphagia must include an assessment of the patient’s dietary […]

Nissen Fundoplication
The most common antireflux procedure is the Nissen fundoplication. The procedure can be performed through an abdominal or a chest incision, as well as through a laparoscope. Rudolph Nissen described the procedure as a 360-degree fundoplication around the lower esophagus for a distance of 4 to 5 cm. Although this provided good control of […]

Compound light microscopes are just examples of microscopes used in the medical field today. These compound light microscopes aid clinicians and surgeons in tissue assessment, magnification and disease diagnosis. Esophageal tissue samples can be sent to the laboratory for biopsy and further studies with the use of compound light microscopes to rule out other differential […]

Few studies have focused on the alleviation of symptoms after anti¬reflux surgery in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE). Those that are avail¬able document excellent to good results in 72 to 95% of patients at 5 years following surgery.

The selection of a curative versus a palliative operation for cancer of the esophagus is based on the location of the tumor, the patient’s age and health, the extent of the disease, and intraoperative staging. A diagnosis of esophageal malignancy is done when tissue samples are studied under compound light microscopes for biopsy.